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1.
Rev. patol. respir ; 21(1): 17-24, ene.-mar. 2018. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-173347

RESUMO

La discinesia ciliar primaria (DCP) es una enfermedad rara, heterogénea desde el punto de vista clínico, que se transmite con una herencia principalmente autosómica recesiva y se engloba dentro de los trastornos de la motilidad ciliar. Es causa de patología tanto a nivel de las vías respiratorias superiores como inferiores -que comienza en el primer año de vida y evoluciona a un daño pulmonar progresivo-, infertilidad y alteraciones de la posición de los órganos internos. El propósito de esta revisión es proporcionar una actualización sobre las manifestaciones clínicas, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la DCP para que exista un mayor nivel de alerta sobre esta enfermedad e incidir en la necesidad de crear registros de pacientes que nos hagan entender mejor la fisiopatología y progresión de la enfermedad (AU)


Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare and heterogeneous from the clinical point of view disease, mostly autosomal recessive inherited, characterized by motile ciliary dysfunction. It causes chronic upper and lower respiratory tract disease, starting in the first year of life and resulting in progressive lung damage, infertility and situs anomalies. The aim of this review is to provide an update on the diagnosis and treatment of PCD to increase the clinicia's awareness of this disorder and high-light the need to create patient registries that give us a better understanding of the physiopathology and disease's progression


Assuntos
Humanos , Síndrome de Kartagener/complicações , Síndrome de Kartagener/diagnóstico por imagem , Cílios , Mutação
2.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 72(2): 94-98, mar.-abr. 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-153273

RESUMO

La Unidad de Fibrosis Quistica del Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, centro de referencia de la Comunidad de Madrid, fue pionera en los años noventa, en la atención a los pacientes con esta patología grave, con una visión futurista, al centrarse en la atención multidisciplinar de un equipo (tanto del área pediátrica como de adultos), que acompaña al paciente desde la infancia a la edad adulta, lo que ha contribuido, de forma clave, a la mejora en la calidad y esperanza de vida de estos pacientes. A lo largo de los años, la Unidad ha ido creciendo en todos los aspectos y es, hoy, ejemplo para muchas otras patologías (AU)


The Cystic Fibrosis Unit of the University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, reference center of the Community of Madrid, was a pioneer in the 19903, in the care given to patients with this serious condition. It has had a futuristic view, on focusing on multidisciplinary care of a team (both in the pediatric and adult area), accompanying the patient from Childhood to the adult age. This has played a critical role to the improvement in the quality of life and life expectancy of these patients. Over these years, the Unit has been growing in all the aspects and is currently an example for many other conditions (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Unidades Hospitalares/organização & administração , Unidades Hospitalares/normas , Unidades Hospitalares , Fibrose Cística/epidemiologia , Fibrose Cística/prevenção & controle , Cuidado da Criança/métodos , Cuidado da Criança/organização & administração , Saúde da Criança/história , Saúde da Criança/tendências , Expectativa de Vida/tendências , Triagem Neonatal/métodos , Triagem Neonatal/normas , Triagem Neonatal , Pesquisa/instrumentação , Pesquisa/tendências
3.
Rev. patol. respir ; 18(2): 57-62, abr.-jun. 2015. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-141194

RESUMO

Las pruebas de función pulmonar son básicas para el diagnóstico y seguimiento del paciente respiratorio. Su correcta interpretación es fundamental para distinguir lo normal de lo patológico. La aparición de las primeras ecuaciones globales para todas las edades (Global Lung Initiative [GLI]-2012) supone un reto para cualquier médico encargado de interpretar una espirometría, no solo por los cambios "numéricos" esperables al utilizar otros patrones de referencia, sino por la necesidad de expresar los resultados como desviaciones de la media (z-scores) y abandonar el clásico porcentaje sobre el valor predicho. La visión de los pediatras neumólogos, acostumbrados a trabajar con pacientes en constante cambio, puede ayudar a entender la necesidad de este tipo de ecuaciones. Este artículo pretende revisar el concepto de normalidad, los parámetros necesarios para interpretar una espirometría, las características ideales de una ecuación de referencia y las bondades y defectos de las nuevas ecuaciones GLI-2012


Pulmonary function tests are basic in the diagnosis and monitoring of respiratory patients. The proper interpretation of these tests is essential to distinguish normal from pathological. The first global equations for all ages (Global Lung Initiative [GLI]-2012) poses a challenge for any physician responsible for interpreting spirometry, not only due to the "numerical" changes expected when using a new reference equation, but also because of the need to express the results as deviations from the mean (z-scores) and leave the classical percentage of the predicted value. The view of the paediatric pulmonologists, who are used to working with patients in constant evolution, can help to understand the need for this type of equations. This article reviews the concept of normality, the parameters required to interpret a spirometry, the ideal characteristics of a reference equation and the virtues and defects of the new GLI-2012 equations


Assuntos
Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Testes de Função Respiratória/métodos , Testes de Função Respiratória/enfermagem , Pneumologia/educação , Pneumologia/ética , Pediatria , Espirometria/métodos , Espirometria , Londres/etnologia , Testes de Função Respiratória/instrumentação , Testes de Função Respiratória/normas , Pneumologia , Pneumologia/métodos , Pediatria/métodos , Espirometria/classificação , Espirometria/enfermagem
4.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 72(8): 134-141, sept. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-129455

RESUMO

El asma es un conjunto heterogéneo de enfermedades que se manifiestan por episodios recurrentes de sibilancias, tos, sensación de falta de aire y opresión torácica. Las características únicas del asma infantil hacen que su clasificación, diagnóstico y tratamiento difieran sustancialmente del asma del adulto, sobre todo en la edad preescolar. Esto genera dudas y dificultades en el manejo de estos pacientes, que en la mayoría de los casos puede realizarse desde atención primaria sin necesidad de derivar al paciente al especialista. El presente artículo ofrece una revisión actual de la literatura científica, estructurado en preguntas de interés clínico enfocadas al pediatra de atención primaria, que abarcan desde el tratamiento del paciente asmático en función de la edad a aspectos más concretos como el asma de esfuerzo, los sistemas de inhalación o la seguridad de los fármacos empleados (AU)


Asthma is a heterogeneous group of diseases manifested by recurrent episodes of wheezing, cough, shortness of breath and chest tightness. The unique features of childhood asthma make its classification, diagnosis and treatment differ substantially from adult asthma, particularly in the preschool age. This creates doubts and difficulties in managing these patients, which can be done in most cases in the Primary Care setting, without referral to the specialist. This paper provides a current review of the scientific literature, structured in questions of clinical interest for the Primary Care Pediatrician, ranging from the treatment of asthmatic patients according to age to more concrete aspects such as exercise induced asthma, inhalation devices or safety of the anti-asthmatic drugs (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Asma/complicações , Asma/metabolismo , Preparações Farmacêuticas , Asma/diagnóstico , Tosse/diagnóstico , Preparações Farmacêuticas
5.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 69(4): 216-220, jul.-ago. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-117567

RESUMO

La actividad asistencial e investigadora se centra principalmente en el asma, la fibrosis quística, la función pulmonar y el síndrome de apnea-hipopnea del sueño (AU)


The care and investigator activity mainly focuses on asthma, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary function and sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pesquisa sobre Serviços de Saúde , Serviços de Saúde da Criança/organização & administração , Doenças Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/epidemiologia , Fibrose Cística/epidemiologia , Asma/epidemiologia
6.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 78(3): 173-177, mar. 2013. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-109979

RESUMO

Introducción: La disfunción de cuerdas vocales (DCV) es una enfermedad poco frecuente caracterizada por un cierre paradójico de las cuerdas vocales, habitualmente en la inspiración. Produce una obstrucción de la vía respiratoria que provoca disnea y estridor. La alteración espirométrica más frecuentemente descrita es el aplanamiento de la curva inspiratoria, aunque es posible encontrar también aplanamiento del asa espiratoria. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las características espirométricas más frecuentes de la DCV y, de forma secundaria, describir las características clínicas, demográficas y el tratamiento seguido en los pacientes con un diagnóstico definitivo de DCV. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de los casos de DCV entre 2000 y 2010. Se consideró definitivo el diagnóstico cuando se evidenció el cierre paradójico de las cuerdas vocales en la laringoscopia. Se realizó una prueba de esfuerzo sobre tapiz rodante para provocar los síntomas. Se recogieron los datos clínicos y demográficos y se estudiaron las curvas de espirometría forzada. Resultados: De 36 casos sospechosos, se confirmó la DCV en 11 (30,5%), con una edad media 13,5 años; 10 eran mujeres. Se encontraron posibles desencadenantes en 5 de los pacientes. Seis pacientes presentaban antecedentes de asma. Todos los pacientes presentaron aplanamiento de la curva inspiratoria y 9 de ellos (81%) también de la espiratoria. Solo 4 pacientes presentaron una ratio entre los flujos espiratorio e inspiratorio máximos al 50% de la capacidad vital forzada (MEF50%/MIF50%) > 2,2. Conclusiones: Aunque la alteración espirométrica más frecuente en la DCV es el aplanamiento de la curva inspiratoria, un porcentaje importante de pacientes presentan aplanamiento también de la curva espiratoria. Este hecho podría invalidar la ratio MEF50%/MIF50% para el diagnóstico de DCV(AU)


Introduction: Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is a rare disease characterized by a paradoxical closure of the vocal cords, usually in inspiration, that causes dyspnea and stridor. The spirometry pattern that is more often described is a plateau in the inspiratory curve, but it can be also found in the expiratory loop The aim of this study was to evaluate the most common spirometry characteristics of patients with VCD and, secondarily, to describe the clinical and demographic characteristics and the treatment of patients with a definitive diagnosis of this disease. Material and methods: A retrospective study was made of cases of VCD between 2000 and 2010. Diagnosis was considered definitive when a paradoxical closure of the vocal cords became clear on laryngoscopy. Exercise challenge on a treadmill was performed to produce symptoms. Demographic and clinical data were collected, and flow-volume curves were studied. Results: Of 36 suspected cases, VCD was confirmed in 11 (30.5%). The mean age was 13.5 years, 10 were female. Possible triggers were found in 5 patients. Six patients had a previous history of asthma. All patients had a plateau in the inspiratory curve, and 9 (81%) of them also in the expiratory loop. Only 4 patients had a ratio between maximum inspiratory and expiratory flows at 50% of forced vital capacity (MEF50%/MIF50%) > 2.2. Conclusions: Although the most frequent spirometry pattern in VCD is a plateau in the inspiratory curve, a significant percentage of patients also have a plateau in the expiratory curve. This could invalidate the MEF50%/MIF50% ratio for the diagnosis of VCD(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Espirometria , Prega Vocal/fisiopatologia , Dispneia/etiologia , Sons Respiratórios/etiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Asma/etiologia
7.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 78(3): 173-7, 2013 Mar.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22884525

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is a rare disease characterized by a paradoxical closure of the vocal cords, usually in inspiration, that causes dyspnea and stridor. The spirometry pattern that is more often described is a plateau in the inspiratory curve, but it can be also found in the expiratory loop The aim of this study was to evaluate the most common spirometry characteristics of patients with VCD and, secondarily, to describe the clinical and demographic characteristics and the treatment of patients with a definitive diagnosis of this disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was made of cases of VCD between 2000 and 2010. Diagnosis was considered definitive when a paradoxical closure of the vocal cords became clear on laryngoscopy. Exercise challenge on a treadmill was performed to produce symptoms. Demographic and clinical data were collected, and flow-volume curves were studied. RESULTS: Of 36 suspected cases, VCD was confirmed in 11 (30.5%). The mean age was 13.5 years, 10 were female. Possible triggers were found in 5 patients. Six patients had a previous history of asthma. All patients had a plateau in the inspiratory curve, and 9 (81%) of them also in the expiratory loop. Only 4 patients had a ratio between maximum inspiratory and expiratory flows at 50% of forced vital capacity (MEF50%/MIF50%) > 2.2. CONCLUSIONS: Although the most frequent spirometry pattern in VCD is a plateau in the inspiratory curve, a significant percentage of patients also have a plateau in the expiratory curve. This could invalidate the MEF50%/MIF50% ratio for the diagnosis of VCD.


Assuntos
Disfunção da Prega Vocal/diagnóstico , Disfunção da Prega Vocal/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espirometria
8.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 75(5): 314-319, nov. 2011. tab, graf, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-97665

RESUMO

Objetivo: Algunas publicaciones han relacionado alteraciones de la función pulmonar (FP) en la edad adulta con la presencia de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (NAC) en la infancia. El objetivo de este estudio es describir la FP en niños tras una NAC. Nuestra hipótesis es que la NAC en niños preescolares no afecta a la FP una vez resuelta. Material y métodos: Se estudió la FP en una cohorte de niños que previamente habían presentado NAC en edad preescolar que requirió ingreso. Se seleccionó a niños mayores de 4 años para asegurar una adecuada colaboración y se realizó en todos ellos una espirometría forzada. Resultados: Se seleccionó a 49 pacientes, 42 (85,7%) realizaron correctamente las pruebas de FP. Todos se encontraban asintomáticos en el momento de la investigación. La edad media ± desviación estándar en el momento de realización del estudio fue 6,6±1,2 años. Veinticinco (54,3%) eran varones. El tiempo medio entre la NAC y la determinación de la función pulmonar fue 19,5±7,6 meses. Los valores obtenidos con respecto al teórico fueron (media ± desviación estándar): volumen forzado en el primer segundo 107,73±14,56% y capacidad vital forzada 101,6±15,35. Conclusiones: La FP en los niños que han tenido una NAC en edad preescolar es normal tras la resolución de la misma, por lo que no se considera necesario realizar de rutina estudios ni seguimiento de la FP posterior (AU)


Aim: Some studies relate pulmonary function (PF) during adult life to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) suffered during infancy. The aim of the present work was to evaluate PF in children following CAP, contracted at pre-school age, which required hospitalisation. The hypothesis was that, once resolved, CAP in pre-school age children does not affect PF; further monitoring should therefore be unnecessary. Methods and Materials: PF was studied in a cohort of children who had suffered CAP at pre-school age, for which they were hospitalised. Children aged over 4 years were selected to try to ensure adequate collaboration, and a forced spirometry test was attempted in all of them. Results: Of the initial 49 patients, 42 (85.7%) correctly performed the forced spirometry test. All were asymptomatic at the time of examination. The mean age of these patients was 6,6±1,2 years; 25 were boys (54,3%). The mean time between CAP and the test was 19,5±7,6 months. The results (mean ± SD) obtained with respect to theoretical values were: forced respiratory volume in the first second 107.73±14.56% and forced vital capacity 101,6±15,35%. Conclusions: The PF of children who have suffered CAP at pre-school age is normal following the resolution of the condition. No further PF studies are required after CAP resolves (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/complicações , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/diagnóstico , Pneumonia/complicações , Pneumonia , Espirometria/métodos , Espirometria , Antropometria/métodos , Pneumonia/epidemiologia , Pneumonia/fisiopatologia , Estudos de Coortes , Inquéritos e Questionários , Pulmão , Pulmão/fisiopatologia
10.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 75(5): 314-9, 2011 Nov.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21684825

RESUMO

AIM: Some studies relate pulmonary function (PF) during adult life to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) suffered during infancy. The aim of the present work was to evaluate PF in children following CAP, contracted at pre-school age, which required hospitalisation. The hypothesis was that, once resolved, CAP in pre-school age children does not affect PF; further monitoring should therefore be unnecessary. METHODS AND MATERIALS: PF was studied in a cohort of children who had suffered CAP at pre-school age, for which they were hospitalised. Children aged over 4 years were selected to try to ensure adequate collaboration, and a forced spirometry test was attempted in all of them. RESULTS: Of the initial 49 patients, 42 (85.7%) correctly performed the forced spirometry test. All were asymptomatic at the time of examination. The mean age of these patients was 6,6 ± 1,2 years; 25 were boys (54,3%). The mean time between CAP and the test was 19,5 ± 7,6 months. The results (mean ± SD) obtained with respect to theoretical values were: forced respiratory volume in the first second 107.73 ± 14.56% and forced vital capacity 101,6 ± 15,35%. CONCLUSIONS: The PF of children who have suffered CAP at pre-school age is normal following the resolution of the condition. No further PF studies are required after CAP resolves.


Assuntos
Volume Expiratório Forçado , Pneumonia Bacteriana/fisiopatologia , Pneumonia Viral/fisiopatologia , Capacidade Vital , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino
14.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 70(5): 413-417, mayo 2009. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-61516

RESUMO

Objetivos: La prueba de broncodilatación (PBD) es una herramienta fundamental para el estudio de la función pulmonar. El incremento del volumen espiratorio máximo en el primer segundo (FEV1) puede expresarse como valor absoluto en mililitros o como porcentaje de mejoría con respecto al valor teórico o al valor previo (basal). Al utilizar este último se puede cometer un sesgo ya que, cuanto menor sea éste mayor parecerá la respuesta. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar si existen diferencias al considerar una PBD como positiva si el incremento del FEV1 se refiere al valor teórico o al valor basal, y si estas diferencias estarían influidas por el grado de obstrucción inicial del paciente. Material y métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de los resultados de PBD realizadas entre octubre de 1997 y febrero de 2008. Se compararon los resultados utilizando como referencia un incremento del 9% sobre el FEV1 teórico y un incremento del 12% sobre el FEV1 basal. Se dividió la muestra en 3 grupos en función del grado inicial de obstrucción: no obstruido (FEV1 mayor del 80% del valor teórico), leve (FEV1 de entre el 60 y el 80% del valor teórico) y moderada a grave (FEV1 menor del 60% del valor teórico). Se calculó el índice k de concordancia entre ambos métodos. Resultados: Se analizaron 4.352 PBD. La concordancia entre ambos métodos fue muy buena (k=0,832). En el grupo sin obstrucción inicial (n=3007) el índice k fue de 0.781, en el grupo con obstrucción leve (n=1.067) el índice k fue de 0,966 y en el grupo con obstrucción moderada a grave (n=278) el índice k fue de 0,788. Conclusiones: El estudio demuestra que aunque hay una buena concordancia entre ambos índices, en los pacientes con obstrucción inicial moderada a grave y en los pacientes inicialmente no obstruidos esta concordancia tiende a ser menor (AU)


Introduction: The bronchodilator test (BDT) is an important tool used in pulmonary function. Changes in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) can be expressed as absolute change, or per cent of initial or predicted value. When the initial value is used, there may be a bias, as the smaller this value is, the greater the response will be. The main objective of this study is to establish whether there is any difference in using per cent of the initial spirometry value or per cent of the predicted value in order to consider a bronchodilator test positive, and if the initial obstruction of the patient influences such differences. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis of the BDT made between October 1997 and February 2008. The results using an increase of 9% from the predicted FEV1 were compared with using 12% from the initial FEV1. The patients were divided into three groups depending on initial obstruction: no obstruction (FEV1>80% of predicted), mild (FEV1=60¨C80% of predicted) and moderate-severe (FEV1<60% of predicted). The kappa index of agreement between both methods was calculated. Results: A total of 4352 BDT were analysed. The agreement between both methods was high (k=0.832). In the group without initial obstruction (N=3007) the kappa index was 0.781, in the mild obstruction group (N=1067) the kappa index was 0.966 and in the moderate-severe group (N=278) it was 0.788. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that, although there is a good agreement between both methods, in patients with initial moderate-severe obstruction and in patients without initial obstruction this agreement tends to be lower (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Broncodilatadores , Asma/diagnóstico , Testes de Provocação Brônquica/métodos , Espirometria/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Obstrução das Vias Respiratórias/diagnóstico
15.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 70(5): 413-7, 2009 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19375993

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The bronchodilator test (BDT) is an important tool used in pulmonary function. Changes in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) can be expressed as absolute change, or per cent of initial or predicted value. When the initial value is used, there may be a bias, as the smaller this value is, the greater the response will be. The main objective of this study is to establish whether there is any difference in using per cent of the initial spirometry value or per cent of the predicted value in order to consider a bronchodilator test positive, and if the initial obstruction of the patient influences such differences. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of the BDT made between October 1997 and February 2008. The results using an increase of 9% from the predicted FEV1 were compared with using 12% from the initial FEV1. The patients were divided into three groups depending on initial obstruction: no obstruction (FEV1>80% of predicted), mild (FEV1=60-80% of predicted) and moderate-severe (FEV1<60% of predicted). The kappa index of agreement between both methods was calculated. RESULTS: A total of 4352 BDT were analysed. The agreement between both methods was high (k=0.832). In the group without initial obstruction (N=3007) the kappa index was 0.781, in the mild obstruction group (N=1067) the kappa index was 0.966 and in the moderate-severe group (N=278) it was 0.788. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that, although there is a good agreement between both methods, in patients with initial moderate-severe obstruction and in patients without initial obstruction this agreement tends to be lower.


Assuntos
Asma/diagnóstico , Broncodilatadores , Adolescente , Asma/fisiopatologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Volume Expiratório Forçado/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos
16.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 66(6): 297-298, jun. 2008. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-68117

RESUMO

Las anomalías en la disposición espacial de las vísceras toracoabdominales son entidades de muy baja prevalencia. Los síndromes heterotáxicos o situs ambiguos se asocian muy frecuentemente con cardiopatías congénitas graves, mientras que en el caso del situs inversus totalis (imagen especular con respecto a la normalidad) éstas se observan en el 3-5% de los pacientes, unas 6 veces más que en la población general. Se expone el caso de una niña de 26 meses de edad, portadora de dos defectos septales interventriculares en presencia de situs inversus totalis, y se incide en la importancia de realizar un estudio cardiológico ante anomalías de situs, así como en la necesidad de tener en cuenta la posibilidad de asociación de discinesia ciliar primaria con el trastorno visceral que presentamos (AU)


The prevalence of anomalies in the position of thoracoabdominal organs is very low. Heterotaxy syndromes or situs ambiguous are very often associated with severe congenital heart disease, whereas, in the case of situs inversus totalis (a mirror image of the normal anatomy), heart defects are observed in 3% to 5%of the patients, approximately 6 times more frequently than in the general population. We report the case of a 26-month-old girl with visceral situs inversus totalis, in addition to two ventricular septal defects. We also stress the importance of carrying out cardiac screening in all patients with situs anomalies, as well as the need to consider the possible association between primaryciliary dyskinesia and situs inversus totalis (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Cardiopatias Congênitas/complicações , Cardiopatias Congênitas/diagnóstico , Situs Inversus/complicações , Situs Inversus/diagnóstico , Dextrocardia/complicações , Dextrocardia/diagnóstico , Cardiopatias Congênitas/terapia , Transtornos da Motilidade Ciliar/complicações , Transtornos dos Movimentos/complicações
19.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 63(3): 216-221, mayo-jun. 2007.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-126988

RESUMO

Objetivos: Los episodios aparentemente letales (ALTE) suponen un reto diagnóstico. Nuestro objetivo es determinar cuáles son los diagnósticos más frecuentemente alcanzados en lactantes que han sufrido un ALTE y evaluar la utilidad de las diferentes pruebas diagnósticas. Métodos. Se revisaron datos de la historia clínica, la exploración, las pruebas diagnósticas realizadas y los diagnósticos finales alcanzados de los pacientes ingresados en la sección de Lactantes de nuestro hospital en 2004 y 2005. Clasificamos a los pacientes en tres grupos, dependiendo de los datos que contribuyeron en mayor medida al juicio diagnóstico. Resultados: De los 3.176 informes revisados, 83 cumplían criterios de inclusión. Contabilizamos 21 pruebas diagnósticas diferentes. A cada paciente se le realizó una media de 6,83 ± 3,22 pruebas. Las patologías más frecuentes fueron determinantes el 27,5% fueron diagnosticados principalmente gracias a las pruebas complementarias y en un 7,5% de los casos no hubo una orientación diagnóstica clara. el número de pruebas realizadas en cada grupo fue diferente. Conclusiones: la historia clínica y el examen físico son fundamentales para llegar a un diagnóstico. Los ALTe suelen ser un síntoma acompañante de patología frecuente durante la lactancia, como el reflujo gastroesofágico o la bronquiolitis, no la primera manifestación de enfermedades graves y relativamente poco frecuentes (AU)


Objectives. Apparent life-threatening events (ALTE) are often a diagnostic challenge. Our aim is to describe the diagnoses most frequently achieve in infants with ALTE, and evaluate the usefulness of the different diagnostic studies. Methods: Data from all the infants accepted in Lactantes Service of Niño Jesus Hospital in Madrid between 2004 and 2005 were revised. Data were collected about clinical history, physical exam, diagnostic tests and final diagnostic achieve. We classificate patients in three groups, depending on the data that were more important to achieve the final diagnosis. Results: 3.176 clinical informs were revised and 83 of them matched the inclusion criteria. 21 different diagnosis studies were performed. Each patients was studied with an average of 6,83 ± 3,22 diagnostic tests. Infective pathology was the most frequently founded (23 cases) followed by gastrointestinal pathology (21 cases). In 65% of patients the clinical history and physical exam was determinant, 27% were diagnosed basically by complementary tests and in 7,5% of cases a clear diagnostic was not achieved. The number of studies performed was different among the three groups. Conclusions. the clinical history and the physical exam are the most important tools to achieve a diagnosis. ALTE are usually a symptom that accompany frequent pathology in infants, like gastroesophageal reflux or bronchiolitis, rather than the first symptom of an important and less frequent pathology (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Evento Inexplicável Breve Resolvido/diagnóstico , Bronquiolite/epidemiologia , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/epidemiologia , Testes Diagnósticos de Rotina , Anamnese/métodos , Fatores de Risco , Técnicas e Procedimentos Diagnósticos
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